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The role of wildlife species in the epidemiology of paratuberculosis has been the subject of increased research efforts following the discovery of natural paratuberculosis in free-living rabbits from farms in east Scotland. This paper describes the experimental inoculation…

M.a. paratuberculosis is the causal agent of paratuberculosis (Johne's disease). Recent work has suggested that gamma delta T cells may play an important role in the early immunological response to mycobacterial diseases, and that CD1 may act as a non-classical MHC molecule…

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is causing infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality rate in domestic and wild small ruminants of Pakistan with valuable economical losses. The present study was carried out to investigate risk factors of PPRV in domestic…

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a transboundary, systemic, viral disease of cattle that has traditionally been found in southern Africa. It has steadily expanded its geographical boundaries and in the past five years moved very efficiently through the Middle East and into…

The complete genome of a foot-and-mouth disease type O virus originating from an epidemic in Greece in 1994 is reported. This virus belongs to the Middle East-South Asia topotype.

Positive-strand RNA (+RNA) viruses rearrange cellular membranes during replication, possibly in order to concentrate and arrange viral replication machinery for efficient viral RNA synthesis. Our previous work showed that in addition to the conserved coronavirus double…

Ticks are among the most important vectors of pathogens causing human and animal disease. Acaricides are used to control tick infestation, although there are increasing reports of resistance. Recently, over-expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins (P…