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From structure prediction to function: defining the domain on the African swine fever virus CD2v protein required for binding to erythrocytes

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a high-consequence pathogen posing a substantial threat to global food security. This large DNA virus encodes more than 150 open reading frames, many of which are uncharacterized. The EP402R gene encodes CD2v, a glycoprotein expressed on…

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Building an inclusive culture at scientific meetings: foundations for future progress

Scientific meetings and conferences are crucial in knowledge dissemination, fostering collaborations, professional development and inspiring innovative research. However, their traditional structure and organization have remained largely unchanged, perpetuating barriers that…

Seven rolls of tape on a shelf. One is white with infectious substance written on, one is red with biohazard written on. Other are white with "miscellaneous" and "biological" written on

Biosafety approaches: applying the LOPA method to high containment facilities

The risk of unplanned hazardous scenarios, such as the uncontrolled release of pathogens, is a continuous threat to biological facilities worldwide. Commonly used risk assessment tools include a Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) or a Structured What-If Technique (SWIFT) study…

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Validation of two multiplex lateral flow devices for the rapid detection and typing of foot-and-mouth disease viruses

Lateral Flow Devices (LFDs) represent a simple tool for the rapid diagnosis of FMD, particularly in endemic regions, often lacking adequate and equipped laboratories. Other experimental prototypes offer a user-friendly FMD confirmation tool, but serotype identification is…

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Animal Models in Influenza Research

Animal model systems for human and animal influenza virus infection and transmission have been established to address research questions which cannot be addressed using in vitro models. Several animal models are widely used, including mice, guinea pigs, hamsters, ferrets…

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Pasteurisation temperatures effectively inactivate influenza A viruses in milk

In late 2023 an H5N1 lineage of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) began circulating in American dairy cattle Concerningly, high titres of virus were detected in cows’ milk, raising the concern that milk could be a route of human infection. Cows’ milk is…

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The haemagglutinin gene of bovine-origin H5N1 influenza viruses currently retains receptor-binding and pH-fusion characteristics of avian host phenotype

Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) has caused a panzootic affecting all continents except Australia, expanding its host range to several mammalian species. In March 2024, H5N1 HPAIV was first detected in dairy cattle and goats in the United…

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Pathophysiology of Penetrating Captive Bolt Stunning in Horned and Polled Sheep and Factors Determining Incomplete Concussion

Penetrating captive bolt (PCB) is widely used for stunning and on-farm dispatch of livestock, yet its efficacy can vary, with the potential for animal welfare compromise. This study investigated the pathophysiology of PCB-induced trauma in horned and polled sheep ( Ovis…

Singular black and white cow on dry muddy floor. Very small nodular lesions are visible all over its skin

Study reveals financial losses for dairy farmers in Thailand due to lumpy skin disease

A new study by Pirbright scientists and researchers from the Chiang Mai University in Thailand highlights the negative financial impact of lumpy skin disease (LSD) on farmers in northern Thailand. The research, published in Frontiers in Veterinary Science, revealed that…