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Scientists conclude there is no viable alternative rinderpest vaccine for now

A study to find an alternative vaccine for rinderpest virus (RPV), which could be used in place of the traditional live virus vaccine, has concluded that there is currently no usable alternative - with implications for global preparedness. Rinderpest is one of only two viral…

Study shows persistence of FMDV is related to its virulence

A study by scientists at The Pirbright Institute – home to the UK, World and European Reference Laboratory for foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) - has shown that the persistence of specific viruses is related to their virulence in cell culture. African buffalo ( Syncerus…

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Application of the thermofluor PaSTRy technique for improving foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine formulation

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) has a major economic impact throughout the world and is a considerable threat to food security. Current FMD virus (FMDV) vaccines are made from chemically inactivated virus and need to contain intact viral capsids to maximize efficacy. FMDV…

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Challenges in veterinary vaccine development and immunisation

In approaching the development of a veterinary vaccine, researchers must choose from a bewildering array of options that can be combined to enhance benefit. The choice and combination of options is not just driven by efficacy, but also consideration of the cost, practicality…

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Cryopreservation of specialized chicken lines using cultured primordial germ cells

Biosecurity and sustainability in poultry production requires reliable germplasm conservation. Germplasm conservation in poultry is more challenging in comparison to other livestock species. Embryo cryopreservation is not feasible for egg-laying animals, and chicken semen…

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Development of a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the detection of vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus: Use of rapid molecular assays to differentiate between vesicular disease viruses

Vesicular stomatitis (VS) is endemic in Central America and northern regions of South America, where sporadic outbreaks in cattle and pigs can cause clinical signs that are similar to foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). There is therefore a pressing need for rapid, sensitive and…

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Differential persistence of foot-and-mouth disease virus in African buffalo is related to virus virulence

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) circulates as multiple serotypes and strains in many endemic regions. In particular the three Southern African Territories (SAT) serotypes are maintained effectively in their wildlife reservoir, the African buffalo, and individuals may…

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Emergence of antigenic variants within serotype A FMDV in the Middle East with antigenically critical amino acid substitutions

A new immunologically distinct strain (A-Iran-05) of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A emerged in the Middle East in 2003 that replaced the previously circulating strains (A-Iran-96 and A-Iran-99) in the region. This resulted in introduction of a new vaccine of this…

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Foot-and-mouth disease virus can induce a specific and rapid CD4+ T-cell-independent neutralizing and isotype class-switched antibody response in naive cattle

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Foot-and-mouth disease virus replicates independently of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and type III phosphatidylinositol-4-kinases

Picornaviruses form replication complexes in association with membranes in structures called replication organelles. Common themes to emerge from studies of picornavirus replication are the need for cholesterol and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P). In infected cells…