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Bayesian inference of epidemiological parameters from transmission experiments

Epidemiological parameters for livestock diseases are often inferred from transmission experiments. However, there are several limitations inherent to the design of such experiments that limits the precision of parameter estimates. In particular, infection times and latent…

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Long non-coding RNAs: emerging and versatile regulators in host-virus interactions

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-protein-coding RNA molecules, which are involved in various biological processes, including chromatin modification, cell differentiation, pre-mRNA transcription and splicing, protein translation, etc. During the last decade…

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The cellular chaperone heat shock protein 90 is required for foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid precursor processing and assembly of capsid pentamers

Productive picornavirus infection requires the hijack of host cell pathways to aid with the different stages of virus entry, synthesis of the viral polyprotein and viral genome replication. Many picornaviruses, including foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), assemble capsids…

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Bluetongue: Aetiology, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Control (chapter 1)

Bluetongue (BT) is an emerging and re-emerging vector-borne viral disease of domestic and wild ruminants, caused by viruses classified within the species bluetongue virus (BTV), genus Orbivirus, family Reoviridae. There are 27 recognized serotypes of BTV (with two more…

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Genetic diversity and comparison of diagnostic tests for characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus strains from Pakistan 2008 - 2012

We report the laboratory analysis of 125 clinical samples from suspected cases of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in cattle and Asian buffalo collected in Pakistan between 2008 and 2012. Of these samples, 89 were found to contain viral RNA by rRT-PCR, of which 88 were also…

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Inhibitors of retrograde trafficking active against ricin and Shiga toxins also protect cells from several viruses, Chlamydiales and Leishmania

Medical countermeasures to treat biothreat agent infections require broad-spectrum therapeutics that do not induce agent resistance. A cell-based high-throughput screen (HTS) against ricin toxin combined with hit optimization allowed selection of a family of compounds that…

Foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid structure

Protein shown vital for foot-and-mouth disease virus replication

Researchers at The Pirbright Institute have shown that when drugs are used to inhibit the cellular protein, hsp90, foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) production is reduced. Hsp90 is a protein used by cells to fold other proteins correctly and it was shown to be required by…

Pirbright team with UAR public engagement award

Pirbright wins award for openness on animal research project

On Monday 4 December, The Pirbright Institute jointly won the Public Engagement category at the fourth annual Understanding Animal Research (UAR) Openness Awards for its contribution to the 360° Laboratory Animal Tours project. The Openness Awards mark the efforts of UK…

BRSV infected calf lung

Pirbright collaboration shows immune system can worsen respiratory disease

Scientists from The Pirbright Institute, in collaboration with others, have found immune cells designed to help clear infections could actually be aggravating respiratory disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). The virus infects the lungs of cattle and…

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Differential gene expression in chicken primary B cells infected ex vivo with attenuated and very virulent strains of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV)

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) belongs to the family Birnaviridae and is economically important to the poultry industry worldwide. IBDV infects B cells in the bursa of Fabricius (BF), causing immunosuppression and morbidity in young chickens. In addition to strains…