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Foot-and-mouth disease in Southern Ghana: occurrence and molecular characterization of circulating viruses

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is considered to be endemic in Ghana. However, our knowledge of the local epidemiology of the disease is restricted by a lack of serological information and data for characterized viruses causing field outbreaks. In order to improve our…

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Multifunctional miR-155 pathway in avian oncogenic virus-induced neoplastic diseases

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that fine-tune the responses of the cell by modulating the cell transcriptome and gene expression. MicroRNA 155 (miR-155) is a conserved multifunctional miRNA involved in multiple roles including the modulation of the immune…

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Livestock host composition rather than land use or climate explains spatial patterns in bluetongue disease in South India

Culicoides-borne arboviruses of livestock impair animal health, livestock production and livelihoods worldwide. As these arboviruses are multi-host, multi-vector systems, predictions to improve targeting of disease control measures require frameworks that quantify the…

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African swine fever

The continuing spread of African swine fever (ASF) outside Africa in Europe, the Russian Federation, China and most recently to Mongolia and Vietnam, has heightened awareness of the threat posed by this devastating disease to the global pig industry and food security. In…

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Interplay between CTHRC1 and the SU protein of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) facilitates viral replication

The lifecycle of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J), a typical tumorigenic retrovirus, is highly dependent upon host cellular proteins. However, there have been few studies directed at uncovering the host proteins responsible for ALV-J replication, which could provide…

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A low-passage insect-cell isolate of bluetongue virus uses a macropinocytosis-like entry pathway to infect natural target cells derived from the bovine host

Bluetongue virus (BTV) causes an economically important disease in domestic and wildlife ruminants and is transmitted by Culicoides biting midges. In ruminants, BTV has a wide cell tropism that includes endothelial cells of vascular and lymphatic vessels as important cell…

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Advances in diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics for Nipah virus

Nipah virus is an emerging zoonotic paramyxovirus that causes severe and often fatal respiratory and neurological disease in humans. The virus was first discovered after an outbreak of encephalitis in pig farmers in Malaysia and Singapore with subsequent outbreaks in…

DNA

Science Spotlight: Dr Mark Fife

Dr Mark Fife and his team are investigating how the genes of host animals and viruses change during infection. This helps them to understand which genes are involved in defending the host from viral attack, which they can use to inform vaccine development. Their work on…

Marek's disease virus (green) with fat molecules (red)

Pirbright scientists show fat is crucial for Marek’s disease virus infection

Scientists at The Pirbright Institute have demonstrated that production and storage of fat is required for Marek’s disease virus (MDV) replication in chickens. Their research identifies new pathways that are involved in the development of the disease which can help generate…

Bulgaria Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever vaccine trial sheep vaccination

Pirbright carries out vaccine trials for Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever

After more than two years preparation Dr Nick Lyons and Dr Georgina Limon-Vega from The Pirbright Institute commenced a Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) vaccine trial in Bulgaria on 5 March 2019. If successful, this could pave the way for the first licensed vaccine…