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Three sheep in a field

Pirbright shows British sheep can be infected with two types of bluetongue simultaneously

Researchers at The Pirbright Institute have shown that British sheep can become infected with two serotypes of bluetongue virus (BTV) simultaneously and that midges feeding on the sheep can also become co-infected. Their study demonstrates the importance of understanding the…

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A value chain approach to characterize the chicken sub-sector in Pakistan

The chicken industry of Pakistan is a major livestock sub-sector, playing a pivotal role in economic growth and rural development. This study aimed to characterize and map the structure of broiler and layer production systems, associated value chains, and chicken disease…

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Establishment of a pig influenza challenge model for evaluation of monoclonal antibody delivery platforms

mAbs are a possible adjunct to vaccination and drugs in treatment of influenza virus infection. However, questions remain whether small animal models accurately predict efficacy in humans. We have established the pig, a large natural host animal for influenza, with many…

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Molecular characterization of foot-and-mouth disease viruses circulating in Ethiopia between 2008 and 2019

One of the constraints to controlling foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in East Africa is the incomplete knowledge of the specific FMD virus (FMDV) strains circulating, and the way in which these viruses move across countries in the region. This retrospective study focuses on…

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The RNA pseudoknots in foot-and-mouth disease virus are dispensable for genome 1 replication but essential for the production of infectious virus.

The positive stranded RNA genomes of picornaviruses comprise a single large open reading frame flanked by 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) has an unusually large 5' UTR (1.3 kb) containing five structural domains. These include the…

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The RNA pseudoknots in foot-and-mouth disease virus are dispensable for genome 1 replication but essential for the production of infectious virus.

The positive stranded RNA genomes of picornaviruses comprise a single large open reading frame flanked by 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) has an unusually large 5' UTR (1.3 kb) containing five structural domains. These include the…

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A single dose of ChAdOx1 MERS provides protective immunity in rhesus macaques

Developing a vaccine to protect against the lethal effects of the many strains of coronavirus is critical given the current global pandemic. For Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), we show that rhesus macaques seroconverted rapidly after a single…

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Comparing phylogeographies: incompatible geographical histories in pathogens' genomes

Modern phylogeography aims at reconstructing the geographic diffusion of organisms based on their genomic sequences and spatial information. Phylogeographic approaches usually ignore the possibility of recombination, which decouples the evolutionary and geographic histories…

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Dissecting the mechanism of intracellular Mycobacterium smegmatis growth inhibition by platelet activating factor C-16

Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb) infection results in approximately 1.3 million human deaths each year. M.tb resides primarily inside macrophages, and maintains persistent infection. In response to infection and inflammation, platelet activating factor C-16 (PAF C-16), a…

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Outbreak of African horse sickness in Thailand, 2020

African horse sickness was confirmed in horses in Thailand during March 2020. The virus was determined to belong to serotype 1 and is phylogenetically closely related to isolates from South Africa. This is the first incidence of African horse sickness occurring in Southeast…