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Replication of Marek's disease virus is dependent on synthesis of de novo fatty acid and prostaglandin E2

Marek's disease virus (MDV) causes deadly lymphoma and induces an imbalance of the lipid metabolism in infected chickens. Here, we discovered that MDV activates fatty acid synthesis (FAS) pathway in primary chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF). In addition, MDV infected cells…

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Bacterial flagellin promotes viral entry via an NF-kB and Toll Like Receptor 5 dependent pathway

Viruses and bacteria colonize hosts by invading epithelial barriers. Recent studies have shown that interactions between the microbiota, pathogens and the host can potentiate infection through poorly understood mechanisms. Here, we investigated whether diverse bacterial…

Pirbright receives Leader in Openness award

The Pirbright Institute is one of 13 organisations who have been announced as recipients of the first Leader in Openness awards from Understanding Animal Research (UAR). UAR Concordat Leader in Openness award Held for three years, 2019-22, the award recognises Pirbright’s…

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The role of the light chain in the structure and binding activity of two cattle antibodies that neutralize bovine respiratory syncytial virus

Cattle antibodies have unusually long CDR3 loops in their heavy chains (HCs), and limited light chain (LC) diversity, raising the question of whether these mask the effect of LC variation on antigen recognition. We have investigated the role of the LC in the structure and…

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Species specific differences in use of ANP32 proteins by influenza A virus

Influenza A viruses (IAV) are subject to species barriers that prevent frequent zoonotic transmission and pandemics. One of these barriers is the poor activity of avian IAV polymerases in human cells. Differences between avian and mammalian ANP32 proteins underlie this host…

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Prevalence of group A bovine rota virus in neonatal calves in Punjab, Pakistan.Prevalence of group A bovine rota virus in neonatal calves in Punjab, Pakistan.

Neonatal calf diarrhea is one of the main economic losses to dairy industry in developing countries.Study was planned to assess the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea in Pakistan. Fecal samples (n=200) from cattle and buffalo diarrheic calves, age <3months were collected…

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Porcine dendritic cells and viruses: an update

Several viral infections of swine are responsible for major economic losses and represent a threat to the swine industry worldwide. New tools are needed to prevent and control endemic, emerging, and re-emerging viral diseases. Dendritic cells (DC) play a central role in…

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Modeling the mutation and reversal of engineered underdominance gene drives

A range of gene drive systems have been proposed that are predicted to increase their frequency and that of associated desirable genetic material even if they confer a fitness cost on individuals carrying them. Engineered underdominance (UD) is such a system and, in one…

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Knowledge and risk factors for foot-and-mouth disease among small-scale dairy farmers in an endemic setting

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral infection of cloven-hoofed animals. In Kenya, the disease is endemic with outbreaks typically occurring throughout the year. A cross-sectional study was undertaken in Nakuru County to investigate farmer knowledge and…

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Exosomes carry microRNAs into neighboring cells to promote diffusive infection of Newcastle disease virus

Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, was shown to prefer to replicate in tumor cells instead of normal cells; however, this mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication due to the bioactive substances…