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Gene expression analysis in distinct regions of the central nervous system during the development of SSBP/1 sheep scrapie

Rodent scrapie models have been exploited to define the molecular basis for the progression of neuropathological changes in TSE diseases. We aim to assess whether CNS gene expression changes consistently observed in mouse models are of generic relevance, for example to…

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Na+/K+-ATPase Is present in scrapie-associated fibrils, modulates PrP misfolding in vitro and links PrP function and dysfunction

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are characterised by widespread deposition of fibrillar and/or plaque-like forms of the prion protein. These aggregated forms are produced by misfolding of the normal prion protein, PrPC, to the disease-associated form, PrPSc…

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Bovine respiratory syncytial virus ISCOMs-immunity, protection and safety in young conventional calves

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a major cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in cattle and causes yearly outbreaks with high morbidity in Europe. Commercial vaccines against this virus needs improvement of efficacy, especially in calves with BRSV-specific…

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Meta-analysis on the efficacy of foot-and-mouth disease emergency vaccination

The objectives of this study were to provide a summary quantification of the efficacy of FMD emergency vaccination based on a systematic review and a meta-analysis of available literature, and to further discuss the suitability of this review and meta-analysis to summarize…

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Interferon-gamma influences immunity elicited by vaccines against very virulent Marek's disease virus

Vaccination of chickens with herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) confers only partial protection against challenge with a very virulent Marek's disease virus (MDV). Here, we evaluated the ability of recombinant chicken interferon-gamma (rChIEN-gamma) to enhance protective efficacy…

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Field performance of engineered male mosquitoes

Dengue is the most medically important arthropod-borne viral disease, with 50-100 million cases reported annually worldwide(1). As no licensed vaccine or dedicated therapy exists for dengue, the most promising strategies to control the disease involve targeting the…

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Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium colonizing the lumen of the chicken intestine grows slowly and upregulates a unique set of virulence and metabolism genes

The pattern of global gene expression in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium bacteria harvested from the chicken intestinal lumen (cecum) was compared with that of a late-log-phase LB broth culture using a whole-genome microarray. Levels of transcription, translation…

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Characterization of age-related changes in bovine CD8(+) T-cells

Evaluation of the changes induced by immunological interventions requires a baseline against which to compare those changes. The age-related changes in the CD8+ T-cell population of cattle were studied. The results indicate that CD8+ T-cells could be divided into ?/? TCR1+…

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Inhibition of interferon induction and action by the nairovirus Nairobi sheep disease virus/Ganjam virus

The Nairoviruses are an important group of tick-borne viruses that includes pathogens of man (Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus) and livestock animals (Dugbe virus, Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV)). NSDV is found in large parts of East Africa and the Indian…

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Identification of surrogates and correlates of protection in protective immunity against Mycobacterium bovis infection induced in neonatal calves by vaccination with M. bovis BCG Pasteur and M. bovis BCG Danish

Vaccination of neonatal calves with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induces a significant degree of protection against infection with virulent M. bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). We compared two strains of BCG, Pasteur and Danish…