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A specific interaction between the F and H proteins is required to enable fusion of the virus and host cell membranes and in some cases these proteins are not interchangeable between related viruses of the family Paramyxoviridae. For example, the F and H proteins of two…

Studies were performed to determine whether a rapid method to detect cell mediated immune responses to foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) could be used either as a diagnostic test or provide a correlate of protection in animals post-vaccination. Using protocols based on the…

There has been much debate about the use of the so-called "vaccinate-to-live" policy for the control of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Europe, according to which, spread of the FMD virus (FMDV) from future outbreaks could be controlled by a short period of "emergency"…

CD45 is known to regulate signalling through many different surface receptors in diverse haemopoietic cell types. Here we report for the first time that CD45(-/-) bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDC) are more activated than CD45(+/+) cells and that tumour necrosis factor (TNF)…

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) can be excreted in milk and thereby spread infection to susceptible animals in other holdings. The feasibility of using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) as a diagnostic tool for detection of FMDV in milk…

Salmonellosis is one of the main causes of food-borne poisoning due to the consumption of contaminated poultry products. In the flocks, Salmonella is able to persist in the digestive tract of birds for weeks without triggering any symptom. In order to identify molecules and…

Pigs inoculated with the Alfort 187 isolate of classical swine fever (CSF) virus were used to study the immunological mechanisms associated with the humoral immune response in the disease. Quantitative and qualitative changes in the B-cell population (lambda light chain [C…

Disintegrins are a family of potent inhibitors of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion. In this study we have identified a region of the disintegrin elegantin, termed the "linker domain" (amino acids 38-47), with inhibitory activity toward alpha(5)beta(1)-mediated cell…

Commercial vaccines for in ovo vaccination have not yet been developed for infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), the major coronavirus in the poultry industry. Recombinant IBVs based on the Beaudette strain expressing the Beaudette spike protein (Beau-R) or that from the…

Onchocerciasis (river blindness) is a major parasitic disease of humans in sub-Saharan Africa caused by the microfilarial stage of the nematode Onchocerca volvulus. Using Onchocerca ochengi, a closely related species which infects cattle and is transmitted by the same black…