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Engineered underdominance is one of a number of different gene drive strategies that have been proposed for the genetic control of insect vectors of disease. Here we model a two-locus engineered underdominance based gene drive system that is based on the concept of mutually…

We investigate the dependence of the site frequency spectrum (SFS) on the topological structure of genealogical trees. We show that basic population genetic statistics-for instance estimators of theta or neutrality tests such as Tajima's D-can be decomposed into components…

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is an important cause of respiratory disease in young cattle and is closely related to human RSV (HRSV), which causes severe respiratory disease in infants and the elderly. The RSV genome encodes a small hydrophobic (SH) protein with…

We report a method for serial X-ray crystallography at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), which allows for full use of the current 120-Hz repetition rate of the Linear Coherent Light Source (LCLS). Using a micropatterned silicon chip in combination with the high-speed…

Marek's disease virus is a herpesvirus of chickens that costs the worldwide poultry industry more than US$1 billion annually. Two generations of Marek's disease vaccines have shown reduced efficacy over the last half century due to evolution of the virus. Understanding where…

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infections are one of the most devastating causes of economic losses in the poultry industry and despite extensive vaccination, outbreaks are being reported around the globe especially from developing and tropical countries. Analysis of NDV…

Within the ruminant system, several possibilities exist to generate dendritic cells migrating out from the tissue into the regional draining lymphnodes as afferent lymph dendritic cells (ALDC). Here, we analysed Toll-like receptor (TLR) 1–10 mRNA expression by using…