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A single dose of African horse sickness virus (AHSV) VP2 based vaccines provides complete clinical protection in a mouse model

African horse sickness is a severe, often fatal, arboviral disease of equids. The control of African horse sickness virus (AHSV) in endemic countries is based currently on the use of live attenuated vaccines despite some biosafety concerns derived from its biological…

Amblypygi

Spider stand-ins: who you should watch for this Halloween

Our Head of Entomology, Dr Simon Carpenter, suggests some creepy crawly alternatives to the usual Halloween spider clichés... It’s been a big few months for our friends from the order Araneae, or just plain spiders to the non-Arachnologists among you. We’ve had Billie Eilish…

gnatwork three vector species of flies sandflies blackflies midges

Pirbright scientists forge international networks for vector research

Pirbright scientists are bringing together vector research communities to improve their capacity for fighting disease. The aptly named ‘ Gnatwork’ is forging international connections between scientists that work on three insect groups (sandflies, blackflies and biting…

white goat in PPRV study

Pirbright scientists show two peste des petits ruminants vaccines protect against all strains

Scientists at The Pirbright Institute have conducted the first study to directly compare the ability of two peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccines to protect susceptible animals against wildtype viruses from any of the four genetic lineages of PPR virus. Through analysing…

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Genomic variation in the porcine immunoglobulin lambda variable region

Production of a vast antibody repertoire is essential for the protection against pathogens. Variable region germline complexity contributes to repertoire diversity and is a standard feature of mammalian immunoglobulin loci, but functional V region genes are limited in swine…

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Chickens expressing IFIT5 ameliorate clinical outcome and pathology of highly pathogenic avian influenza and velogenic Newcastle disease viruses

Innate antiviral immunity establishes first line of defense against invading pathogens through sensing their molecular structures such as viral RNA. This antiviral potential of innate immunity is mainly attributed to a myriad of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Amongst well…

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Identification of novel B-cell epitope in gp85 of subgroup J avian leukosis virus and its application in diagnosis of disease

The gp85 is the main envelope protein of avian leukosis subgroup J (ALV-J) involved in virus neutralization. Here, we mapped the epitope in ALV-J gp85 by ELISA using synthetic peptides and developed epitope based diagnostic methods for ALV-J infection.

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Comparison of the immunogenicity and cross-lineage efficacy of live attenuated peste des petits ruminants virus vaccines PPRV/Nigeria/75/1 and PPRV/Sungri/96

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a severe disease of goats and sheep that is widespread in Africa, the Middle East and Asia. Several effective vaccines exist for the disease, based on attenuated strains of the virus (PPRV) that causes PPR. While the efficacy of these…

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An ex vivo chicken primary bursal-cell culture model to study infectious bursal disease virus pathogenesis

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a birnavirus of economic importance to the poultry industry. The virus infects B cells, causing morbidity, mortality, and immunosuppression in infected birds. In this study, we describe the isolation of chicken primary bursal cells…

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Reconstructing the evolutionary history of pandemic foot-and-mouth disease viruses: the impact of recombination within the emerging O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 lineage

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of livestock affecting animal production and trade throughout Asia and Africa. Understanding FMD virus (FMDV) global movements and evolution can help to reconstruct the disease spread between endemic regions and…