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Vaccination Strategies, Implementation, and Monitoring

This chapter considers different vaccination strategies and important concepts for monitoring vaccine performance in the field, including vaccine coverage, herd immunity, and vaccine effectiveness studies. Where infectious agents are endemic, with a high risk of exposure to…

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Foot and Mouth Disease

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious and economically important viral disease of domestic cloven-hoofed animals including cattle, buffaloes, goats, sheep, pigs, and more than 100 wildlife species. This chapter provides a review on FMD vaccines, vaccination…

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Principles of Vaccinology and Vaccine Immune Response

In this chapter, the authors review how the adaptive immune response protects against the attack of pathogens, describing the major types of lymphocytes, B and T cells, and the different forms of immune protection they provide. They discuss how best to deliver vaccines using…

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Bluetongue

Bluetongue virus (BTV) continues to surprise the scientific community and requires constant adaptation of previous assumed knowledge. This chapter deals with various aspects of the biology and potential control of BTV infection with particular reference to evolving trends in…

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Novel capsid-specific single-domain antibodies with broad foot-and-mouth disease strain recognition reveal differences in antigenicity of virions, empty capsids and virus-like particles

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine efficacy is mainly determined by the content of intact virions (146S) and empty capsids (75S). Both particles may dissociate into 12S subunits upon vaccine manufacturing, formulation, and storage, reducing vaccine potency. We report the…

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Inferring within-flock transmission dynamics of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N8) in France, 2020.

Following the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N8) in France in early December 2020, we used duck mortality data from the index farm to investigate within-flock transmission dynamics. A stochastic epidemic model was fitted to the daily mortality data and…

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Using cross-species vaccination approaches to counter emerging infectious diseases

Since the initial use of vaccination in the eighteenth century, our understanding of human and animal immunology has greatly advanced and a wide range of vaccine technologies and delivery systems have been developed. The COVID-19 pandemic response leveraged these innovations…

Round glass trophy in black satin presentation box, engraving on trophy reads: HEBCoN, Winner, Higher Education Business Continuity Network Awards, 2021

Pirbright’s award winning COVID-19 response

The Pirbright Institute has been announced as the winner of the Higher Education Business Continuity Network (HEBCoN) COVID-19 Pandemic Response (CPR) award. The Institute is one of five winning organisations that were revealed at the recent HEBCoN conference. Awards were…

Professor Munir Iqbal looking at results from influenza vaccine research

Why vaccines matter in the fight against zoonotic diseases

On World Zoonoses Day, Pirbright's Professor Munir Iqbal and Dr Joshua Sealy consider 600 years of developing technology to fight infectious diseases: The history of human and animal immunisation against infectious disease begins with the Chinese practice of variolation in…

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First report of epidemic dengue fever and malaria co-infections among internally displaced persons in humanitarian camps of North Darfur, Sudan

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate an outbreak of a non-malaria, undifferentiated febrile illness, among internally displaced persons (IDPs) living in humanitarian camps in North Darfur, Sudan, in 2019. METHODS: An investigation team was deployed to North Darfur to…