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Demographic characteristics of scrapie-affected holdings identified by active and passive surveillance schemes in Great Britain: 2002-2005

Several surveillance techniques have been used to quantify the prevalence of both classical and atypical scrapie in British sheep, namely the recording of clinical suspects (RC) and the testing of animals slaughtered at abattoir (AS) or reported as fallen stock (FS). Any…

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Pan-serotypic detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus using a minor groove binder probe reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay

A novel assay for the pan-serotypic detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) was designed using a 5' conjugated minor groove binder (MGB) probe real-time RT-PCR system. This assay targets the 3D region of the FMDV genome and is capable of detecting 20 copies of a…

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Hsp110-mediated enhancement of CD4+ T cell responses to the envelope glycoprotein of members of the family Flaviviridae in vitro does not occur in vivo

The use of heat shock proteins (HSP) to enhance activation of the immune response to chaperoned antigen is being explored for immunotherapy. Hsp110 chaperones large protein substrates more effectively than Hsp70, offering the potential to use complex antigens containing…

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Development of a minor groove binder assay for real-time one-step RT-PCR detection of swine vesicular disease virus

The design and development of a 5' conjugated minor groove binder (MGB) probe real-time RT-PCR assay are described for rapid, sensitive and specific detection of swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) RNA. The assay is designed to target the 2C gene of the SVDV genome and is…

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Site-specific integration and expression of an anti-malarial gene in transgenic Anopheles gambiae significantly reduces plasmodium infections

Diseases transmitted by mosquitoes have a devastating impact on global health and this is worsening due to difficulties with existing control measures and climate change. Genetically modified mosquitoes that are refractory to disease transmission are seen as having great…

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Alleles A and B of non-structural protein 1 of avian influenza A viruses differentially inhibit beta interferon production in human and mink lung cells

Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) counteracts the production of host type I interferons (IFN-alpha/beta) for the efficient replication and pathogenicity of influenza A viruses. Here, we reveal another dimension of the NS1 protein of avian influenza A viruses in suppressing IFN…

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Interaction of porcine conventional dendritic cells with swine influenza virus

Swine influenza virus (SwIV) causes sub-acute or acute respiratory infections on swine farms and pigs can act as "mixing vessels" for new influenza strains. Knowledge of the immune response of SwIV in its natural host, pigs, is very limited. Dendritic cells (DCs) mediate the…

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Our unique collections play an important role in the study of viral diseases of livestock and are utilised by scientists worldwide.

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Treatment of cattle with DNA-encoded Flt3L and GM-CSF prior to immunization with Theileria parva candidate vaccine antigens induces CD4 and CD8 T cell IFN-gamma responses but not CTL responses

Theileria parva antigens recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are prime vaccine candidates against East Coast fever in cattle. A strategy for enhancing induction of parasite-specific T cell responses by increasing recruitment and activation of dendritic cells (DCs)…

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Clonal structure of rapid-onset MDV-driven CD4+ lymphomas and responding CD8+ T cells

Lymphoid oncogenesis is a life threatening complication associated with a number of persistent viral infections (e.g. EBV and HTLV-1 in humans). With many of these infections it is difficult to study their natural history and the dynamics of tumor formation. Marek's Disease…