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Effect of infection with BHV-1 on peripheral blood leukocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations in calves with subclinical BVD

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) are important cattle pathogens that induce a broad immunosuppression on cell-mediated immune response on its own participating in the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC). The aim of our study was to…

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Evolution of foot-and-mouth disease virus intra-sample sequence diversity during serial transmission in bovine hosts

RNA virus populations within samples are highly heterogeneous, containing a large number of minority sequence variants which can potentially be transmitted to other susceptible hosts. Consequently, consensus genome sequences provide an incomplete picture of the within- and…

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Increased pathogenicity of European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is associated with enhanced adaptive responses and viral clearance

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most economically important diseases of swine worldwide. Since its first emergence in 1987 the PARS virus (PRRSV) has become particularly divergent with highly pathogenic strains appearing in both Europe and…

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Circulation of bluetongue virus in goats in the Karamoja region of Uganda

The presence of bluetongue virus (BTV) in indigenous goats from the Karamoja region of northern Uganda was investigated. A total of 300 goats were sampled (serum and whole blood) from five districts within the Karamoja region. The samples were analysed for the presence of…

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Improved adjuvanting of seasonal influenza vaccines: Preclinical studies of MVA-NP+M1 coadministration with inactivated influenza vaccine

Licensed seasonal influenza vaccines induce antibody (Ab) responses against influenza hemagglutinin (HA) that are limited in their ability to protect against different strains of influenza. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognizing the conserved internal nucleoprotein (NP) and…

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Bioinformatics analysis of large-scale viral sequences: from construction of data sets to annotation of a phylogenetic tree

Due to a significant decrease in the cost of DNA sequencing, the number of sequences submitted to the public databases has dramatically increased in recent years. Efficient analysis of these data sets may lead to a significant understanding of the nature of pathogens such as…

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Mononegaviruses of veterinary importance. Volume I: Pathobiology and molecular diagnosis

The purpose of this book is to provide a timely and comprehensive review on all the mononegaviruses of veterinary importance. The book is divided into two sections. Section I deals with 13 mononegaviruses (Bornaviruses, Avian Paramyxoviruses serotypes 1 to 10, Hendra and…

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The multiple faces of proteinkinase R in antiviral defense

Various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have been implicated in the detection of viral RNA and subsequent interferon (IFN) gene expression, including the double-stranded RNA-dependent proteinkinase R (PKR). Now, a novel role of PKR has been unveiled, as it was shown…

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Isolation and characterization of low pathogenic H9N2 avian influenza A viruses from a healthy flock and its comparison to other H9N2 isolates

Several outbreaks of avian influenza (AI) caused by H9N2 subtype, have been reported in the poultry industry during 1990 around the globe. Currently, H9N2 are endemic in the large area of Middle and Far East, including Pakistan. Since H9N2 AI viruses are sporadically…

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Molecular Biology and Pathogenesis of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus. (book)

Peste de Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease of domestic and wild small ruminants that can significantly affect economies. The authors are experts in the field and provide an up-to-date and comprehensive review covering all aspects of the disease. The…