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Swine influenza virus (SwIV) causes sub-acute or acute respiratory infections on swine farms and pigs can act as "mixing vessels" for new influenza strains. Knowledge of the immune response of SwIV in its natural host, pigs, is very limited. Dendritic cells (DCs) mediate the…

Theileria parva antigens recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are prime vaccine candidates against East Coast fever in cattle. A strategy for enhancing induction of parasite-specific T cell responses by increasing recruitment and activation of dendritic cells (DCs)…

Lymphoid oncogenesis is a life threatening complication associated with a number of persistent viral infections (e.g. EBV and HTLV-1 in humans). With many of these infections it is difficult to study their natural history and the dynamics of tumor formation. Marek's Disease…

Serology is used to predict vaccine induced protection against challenge with a heterologous strain of the same serotype of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). To evaluate the accuracy of such predictions, we compared the protection afforded to cattle vaccinated with the O…

Cancer remains one of the major challenges facing modern Human Medicine. It is also a major challenge in Veterinary Medicine, particularly in poultry where it is a major risk to the 55,000 million chickens produced commercially every year. Unlike in humans, where more than…

Even though bluetongue virus (BTV) transmission is apparently interrupted during winter, bluetongue outbreaks often reappear in the next season (overwintering). Several mechanisms for BTV overwintering have been proposed, but to date, their relative importance remain unclear…

Many viruses reorganise cellular membrane compartments and the cytoskeleton to generate subcellular microenvironments called virus factories or 'viroplasm'. These create a platform to concentrate replicase proteins, virus genomes and host proteins required for replication…

A growing body of evidence points to autophagy as an essential component in the immune response to tuberculosis. Autophagy is a direct mechanism of killing intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis and also acts as a modulator of proinflammatory cytokine secretion. In…

The role of domestic dogs in the long-distance spread of bluetongue virus (BTV) remains unproven. It is currently known that dogs are capable of being infected with BTV, can mount an antibody response to the virus and in some cases die showing severe clinical signs of…