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Here, we report the first complete genome of a bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) isolate from an infected bovine in Israel. The genome shares 95.3% identity with a Turkish genomic sequence but contains alpha3 and gamma open reading frames that are truncated compared to…

Like all coronaviruses, avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) possesses a long, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome ( approximately 27 kb) and has a complex replication strategy that includes the production of a nested set of subgenomic mRNAs (sgmRNAs). Here, we…

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is central to the innate and adaptive immune responses of jawed vertebrates. Characteristic of the MHC are high gene density, gene copy number variation, and allelic polymorphism. Because apes and monkeys are the closest living…

A swine influenza A pandemic 2009 H1N1 (pH1N1) virus was used in a pig challenge model to investigate the efficacy of whole inactivated vaccines homologous or heterologous to the challenge virus as well as a commercial vaccine. Nasal shedding of viral RNA was monitored daily…

A swine influenza A pandemic 2009 H1N1 (pH1N1) virus was used in a pig challenge model to investigate the efficacy of whole inactivated vaccines homologous or heterologous to the challenge virus as well as a commercial vaccine. Nasal shedding of viral RNA was monitored daily…

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious vesicular disease that is caused by the FMD virus (FMDV). This disease affects both wild and domestic cloven-hoofed animals, the latter of which includes cattle, swine, sheep, and goats. FMD is endemic to Jordan and has a…