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Substitution of warthog NF-κB motifs into RELA of domestic pigs is not sufficient to confer resilience to African swine fever virus

African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a lethal, haemorrhagic disease in domestic swine that threatens pig production across the globe. Unlike domestic pigs, warthogs, which are wildlife hosts of the virus, do not succumb to the lethal effects of infection. There are three…

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The new scope of virus taxonomy: partitioning the virosphere into 15 hierarchical ranks

Virus taxonomy emerged as a discipline in the middle of the twentieth century. Traditionally, classification by virus taxonomists has been focussed on the grouping of relatively closely related viruses. However, during the past few years, the International Committee on…

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Embrace experimentation in biosecurity governance

As biological research and its applications rapidly evolve, new attempts at the governance of biology are emerging, challenging traditional assumptions about how science works and who is responsible for governing. However, these governance approaches often are not evaluated…

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Contribution of segment 3 to the acquisition of virulence in contemporary H9N2 avian influenza viruses

H9N2 avian influenza viruses circulate in poultry throughout much of Asia, the Middle East and Africa. These viruses cause huge economic damage to poultry production systems and pose a zoonotic threat both in their own right as well as in the generation of novel zoonotic…

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Continuous cell lines from the European biting midge Culicoides nubeculosus (Meigen, 1830)

Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) transmit arboviruses of veterinary or medical importance, including bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus, as well as causing severe irritation to livestock and humans. Arthropod cell lines are essential laboratory…

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The Pirbright Institute statement on Black Lives Matter

Racism takes many different forms, but whether open, insidious or structural, it can take lives and breeds hate. The Pirbright Institute condemns racism and recognises the importance of taking a stand with our employees and the wider research community who are voicing their…

Herd of black and brown cows in a field facing directly toward the camera

Pirbright case study shows pooled milk can be used for foot-and-mouth disease surveillance

A case study undertaken by scientists at The Pirbright Institute is the first to confirm that milk obtained from in-line milk samplers on a large-scale dairy farm can be used to detect circulating foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in cattle. Previous work carried out by…

Herd of black and brown cows in a field facing directly toward the camera

Pirbright case study shows pooled milk can be used for foot-and-mouth disease surveillance

A case study undertaken by scientists at The Pirbright Institute is the first to confirm that milk obtained from in-line milk samplers on a large-scale dairy farm can be used to detect circulating foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in cattle. Previous work carried out by…

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A vaccine-matching assessment of different genetic variants of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus isolated in Ethiopia between 2011 and 2014

The aim of this study was to assess the vaccine-matching and antigenic properties of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) isolates collected from Ethiopia between 2011 and 2014. Samples (n = 51) were collected from cattle and pigs with clinical signs consistent with foot-and…

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Absence of long-term protection in domestic pigs immunized with attenuated African swine fever virus isolate OURT88/3 or BeninDeltaMFG correlates with increased levels of regulatory T cells and IL-10

Following short immunization protocols, naturally attenuated African swine fever virus (ASFV) isolate OURT88/3 and deletion mutant BeninΔMGF have previously been shown to induce high percentage of protection in domestic pigs against challenge with virulent virus. Results…