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The acquisition and retention of lumpy skin disease virus by blood-feeding insects is influenced by the source of virus, the insect body part, and the time since feeding

Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a poxvirus that causes severe systemic disease in cattle and is spread by mechanical arthropod-borne transmission. This study quantified the acquisition and retention of LSDV by four species of Diptera ( Stomoxys calcitrans, Aedes aegypti…

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The acquisition and retention of lumpy skin disease virus by blood-feeding insects is influenced by the source of virus, the insect body part, and the time since feeding

Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a poxvirus that causes severe systemic disease in cattle and is spread by mechanical arthropod-borne transmission. This study quantified the acquisition and retention of LSDV by four species of Diptera ( Stomoxys calcitrans, Aedes aegypti…

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Pathogenicity and pathotype analysis of Henan isolates of Marekâs disease virus reveal long term circulation of highly virulent MDV variant in China

In recent years, outbreaks of Marek’s disease (MD) have been frequently reported in vaccinated chicken flocks in China. Herein, we have demonstrated that four Marek’s disease virus (MDV) isolates, HN502, HN302, HN304, and HN101, are all pathogenic and oncogenic to hosts…

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ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) or nCoV-19-Beta (AZD2816) protect Syrian hamsters against Beta Delta and Omicron variants

ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) is a replication-deficient simian adenovirus-vectored vaccine encoding the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2, based on the first published full-length sequence (Wuhan-1). AZD1222 has been shown to have 74% vaccine efficacy against symptomatic disease…

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The genetic stability, replication kinetics and cytopathogenicity of recombinant avian coronaviruses with a T16A or an A26F mutation within the E protein is cell-type dependent

The envelope (E) protein of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a small-membrane protein present in two forms during infection: a monomer and a pentameric ion channel. Each form has an independent role during replication; the monomer disrupts the…

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The genetic stability, replication kinetics and cytopathogenicity of recombinant avian coronaviruses with a T16A or an A26F mutation within the E protein is cell-type dependent

The envelope (E) protein of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a small-membrane protein present in two forms during infection: a monomer and a pentameric ion channel. Each form has an independent role during replication; the monomer disrupts the…

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Progress of research into novel drugs and potential drug targets against porcine pseudorabies virus

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is the causative agent of pseudorabies (PR), infecting most mammals and some birds. It has been prevalent around the world and caused huge economic losses to the swine industry since its discovery. At present, the prevention of PRV is mainly through…

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The development of dual vaccines against lumpy skin disease (LSD) and bovine ephemeral fever (BEF)

Dual vaccines (n = 6) against both lumpy skin disease (LSD) and bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) were constructed, based on the BEFV glycoprotein (G) gene, with or without the BEFV matrix (M) protein gene, inserted into one of two different LSDV backbones, nLSDVSOD-UCT or…

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The isolated in utero environment is conducive to the emergence of RNA and DNA virus variants

The host's immune status may affect virus evolution. Little is known about how developing fetal and placental immune milieus affect virus heterogeneity. This knowledge will help us better understand intra-host virus evolution and how new virus variants emerge. The goal of…

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Influence of the viral superoxide dismutase (SOD) homologue on lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) growth, histopathology and pathogenicity

Lumpy skin disease is an important economic disease of cattle that is controlled by vaccination. This paper presents an investigation into the role of the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) superoxide dismutase (SOD) homologue on growth and histopathology of the virus both in…