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Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a significant economically and distributed globally pathogen of Artiodactyla. Current vaccines are chemically inactivated whole virus particles that require large-scale virus growth in strict bio-containment with the associated risks of…

A new species, Culicoides paradoxalis Ramilo and Delecolle (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), is described from specimens collected in France (Corsica and southeast region) and Portugal. This species resembles Culicoides lupicaris Downes and Kettle, and can be distinguished from…

This chapter discusses the historical distribution of Avian metapneumoviruses (aMPV), molecular biology of aMPV isolates, pathobiology of aMPV, diagnostics and prevention of aMPV disease in turkey and poultry.

Objective-To compare pathological changes and viral antigen distribution in tissues of calves with and without preexisting subclinical bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection following challenge with 'bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1). Animals-24 Friesian calves. Procedures…

Resistance to respiratory disease in cattle requires host defense mechanisms that protect against pathogens which have evolved sophisticated strategies to evade them, including an altered function of pulmonary macrophages (M phi s) or the induction of inflammatory responses…

Conversion of PrPc, the prion protein, to a conformationally altered isoform, PrPSc, is the major pathogenic event in the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, a family of neurodegenerative diseases including bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease…

The National Equine Database (NED) contains information on the size and distribution of the horse population, but the data quality remains unknown. These data could assist with surveillance, research and contingency planning for equine infectious disease outbreaks…

Pandemic 2009 H1N1 (pH1N1) influenza viruses caused mild symptoms in most infected patients. However, a greater rate of severe disease was observed in healthy young adults and children without co-morbid conditions. Here we tested whether influenza strains displaying…

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells with a critical role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses and thus have been considered of great interest in the study of a variety of infectious diseases. The objective of this…

After unexpected emergence of bluetongue virus serotype 8 in northern Europe in 2006, another arbovirus, Schmallenberg virus (SBV), which is transmitted by Culicoides spp. biting midges, emerged in Europe in 2011 and caused disease outbreaks among ruminants. Nonspecific…