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Expression of APOBEC3 lentiviral restriction factors in cats

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a naturally occurring T-cell tropic lentiviral disease of felids with many similarities to HIV/AIDS in humans. Similar to primate lentiviral-host interactions, feline APOBEC3 (A3) has been shown to inhibit FIV infection in a host…

New insight into important chicken virus

Fresh discoveries about Marek's disease could have major implications for the poultry industry, making it possible to breed birds with greater resistance to the disease. Scientists analysed thousands of genes to pinpoint those that play a role in Marek's disease - a viral…

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Design and use of Chikungunya virus replication templates utilizing mammalian and mosquito RNA polymerase I mediated transcription

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus. It has a positive sense RNA genome that also serves as the mRNA for four non-structural proteins (nsPs) representing subunits of the viral replicase. Coupling of nsP and RNA synthesis complicates analysis of viral RNA…

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An optimized aptamer-binding viral tegument protein VP8 inhibits the production of bovine herpesvirus-1 through blocking nucleocytoplasmic shuttling

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is a major pathogen of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in bovine. Previously, we generated the aptamer IBRV A4 using systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment. This aptamer inhibited infectivity of BoHV-1 by blocking viral…

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Marek's disease virus-encoded miR-155 ortholog critical for the induction of lymphomas is not essential for the proliferation of transformed cell lines

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with profound regulatory roles in many areas of biology, including cancer. MicroRNA 155 (miR-155), one of the extensively studied multifunctional miRNAs, is important in several human malignancies such as diffuse large B cell…

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The application of self-limiting transgenic insects in managing resistance in experimental metapopulations

The mass release of transgenic insects carrying female lethal self-limiting genes can reduce pest insect populations. Substantial releases are also a novel resistance management tool, since wild type alleles conferring susceptibility to pesticides can dilute resistance…

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First detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus O/ME-SA/ Ind2001e sublineage in Jordan

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious vesicular disease that is caused by the FMD virus (FMDV). This disease affects both wild and domestic cloven-hoofed animals, the latter of which includes cattle, swine, sheep, and goats. FMD is endemic to Jordan and has a…

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Statistical modelling of data showing pandemic H1N1 2009 swine influenza a virus infection kinetics in vaccinated pigs

A swine influenza A pandemic 2009 H1N1 (pH1N1) virus was used in a pig challenge model to investigate the efficacy of whole inactivated vaccines homologous or heterologous to the challenge virus as well as a commercial vaccine. Nasal shedding of viral RNA was monitored daily…

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Nomenclature report 2019: major histocompatibility complex genes and alleles of great and small ape and Old and New World monkey species

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is central to the innate and adaptive immune responses of jawed vertebrates. Characteristic of the MHC are high gene density, gene copy number variation, and allelic polymorphism. Because apes and monkeys are the closest living…

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Comparative analysis of gene expression in virulent and attenuated strains of infectious bronchitis virus at subcodon resolution

Like all coronaviruses, avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) possesses a long, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome ( approximately 27 kb) and has a complex replication strategy that includes the production of a nested set of subgenomic mRNAs (sgmRNAs). Here, we…